Category: Physic Tutorials

Quantities in physics can either be classified as scalars or vectors. These classes of physical quantities are usually handled differently when used in numerical calculations. After this write-up, you can explain the concept of scalars and vectors and distinguish between the two quantities.

Many measurable physical quantities we encounter in our study of physics have only numerical values attached to them. Such quantities are completely described when only their magnitudes or sizes are known. Scalars are defined as physical quantities which have magnitude but no direction associated with them.

Thus, a speed of 50kmhr-1 can be measured either on a straight or circular path since no direction was indicated. Ordinary algebraic methods add scalars. Distance, altitude, speed, mass, time, energy, temperature, potential difference, density, area, work, etc. are all examples of scalar quantities.

On the other hand, many other measurable physical quantities have both magnitude or numerical value and direction. Such quantities are not thoroughly described unless their magnitude and directions are specified.

Vectors are defined as physical quantities which have both magnitude and direction. A line with an arrow on it represents a vector quantity. The length of the line represents the magnitude, while the arrow indicates the direction of the vector.

Thus, a displacement is a distance measured in a specified direction, e.g., a bird flies a distance of 100km in a north-easterly direction. Geometrical methods add vectors. Displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, momentum, electric field strength, magnetic field strength, gravitational field strength, etc., are examples of vector quantities.

Read: Fundamental and derived quantities

Questions and Answers

(1) The pair of scalar physical quantities only are {UTME 2013}

A. Impulse and time

B. Volume and area

C. Moment and momentum

D. Length and displacement

Solution

Option A: impulse is vector while time is scalar

Option B: Volume is scalar, area is scalar

Option C: moment is a vector, momentum is a vector

Option D: length is scalar, displacement is vector

B is the correct option

(2) Which of the following consists entirely of vector quantities? {UTME 2001}

A. Work, pressure, and moment B. Velocity, magnetic flux, and reaction.

C. Displacement, impulse, and power.      D. Tension, magnetic flux, and mass.

Solution

Vector quantities have both magnitude and direction

Option A – pressure and work are scalar quantities

Option B – they are all vector quantities

Option C- power is a scalar quantity

Option D – mass is a scalar quantity

B is the correct option

Measurement is a very important aspect of physics and other sciences. No fact in science is accepted, and no law is established unless it can be exactly measured and quantified. As physics is based on exact measurements, every such measurement requires two things: first, a number or quantity, and second, a unit. So, at the end of this write-up, you should be able to distinguish between fundamental and derived quantities and units.

Read: Scalar and Vector quantities

Fundamental quantity

Fundamental quantities are the basic quantities independent of others and cannot be defined in terms of other quantities or derived from them. They are basic quantities upon which most (though not all) quantities depend.

Fundamental units are the basic units upon which other units depend. They are the units of the fundamental quantities.

The three most important basic quantities in physics are length, mass, and time.

• Length may be defined as the extent of space or distance extended
• Mass is commonly defined as the quantity of matter or material substance.
• Time is defined as the time in which events are distinguishable before or after.

Therefore, Length, Mass, and Time are the three fundamental quantities.

There are seven (7) basic fundamental quantities in physics, and they are given in the table below

Quantity	Unit	Unit abbreviation
Length	metre	m
Time	second	s
Mass	kilogram	kg
Electric Current	ampere	A
Temperature	kelvin	K
Amount of Substance	mole	Mol.
Luminous Intensity	Candella	Cd

The units in the table are SI (Systeme International) units and are the principal system of units used in scientific work today.

Read: Questions on measurements

Derived Quantities

Derived quantities and units are those obtained by some simple combination of the fundamental quantities and units. They are thus dependent on the fundamental quantities and units.

Examples of Derived Quantities

Derived quantity	Derivation	Derived unit
Area	length x length	m2
volume	Length x length x height	m3
density	Mass/volume	kgm-3
velocity	Displacement/time	ms-1
acceleration	Change in velocity/time	ms-2
force	Mass x acceleration	Kgms-2 (Newton, N)
Energy or work	Force x distance	Kgm2s-2 or Nm (Joule, J)
power	Work/time	Js-1 (or watt, W)
momentum	Mass x velocity	Kgms-1; Ns
pressure	Force/area	Nm-2 (Pascal, Pa)
frequency	Number of oscillations/time	s-1 (hertz, Hz)

Although both evaporation and boiling represent change of state from liquid to vapour, there are still differences between boiling and evaporation either in physics or chemistry.

Considering heating a solid, we think of molecules, atoms or ions having definite equilibrium positions, but vibrating about these positions with Kinetic energy that depends on temperature. As we come to the melting point, the energy supplied does not increase with the kinetic energy, and hence the temperature of the solid, but instead is used to overcome the forces between the atoms

This means that the potential energy of the molecules is increased. The increase in the potential energy is the latent heat of fusion of the solid. As heating continues, the atoms can now move about relatively free in the liquid phase, but they are still close enough to experience interatomic forces, and still have potential energy associated with these forces as well as K.E corresponding to the temperature.

One of the assumptions of K.E is that for an ideal gas, there are no interatomic forces, this implies latent heat of vaporization is greater than latent heat of fusion.

Read: Heat capacity

Explanation

Boiling occur at a particular temperature for a given atmospheric pressure. Also, it occurs when the saturated vapour pressure of the liquid involved equals the external pressure. Boiling point increases with external or atmospheric pressure.

Evaporation increases with an increase in the temperature of the surrounding. Molecules are lost from the surface of a liquid at any temperature by the process of evaporation

Substance can exist in any three state of matter namely solid, liquid or gas. The state in which a substance exists depends on the temperature. Solid when heated change to liquid and when the liquid is further heated, it changes to gas.

Note: during change of state temperature remain constant.

The heat supplied to a solid (e. g ice) during change of state is used to overcome the attractive forces that hold the solid molecule together. It does not make the substance warmer and so it is not detected by a thermometer. The heat is used mainly in making the solid molecule move freely as in a liquid. Also the heats supply to a liquid at its boiling point is used to overcome the attractive forces that hold the liquid molecule together and push back the surrounding air molecule.

Differences

Evaporation	Boiling
It can take place at any temperature	It takes place at a fixed temperature for a given pressure of the surrounding
It takes place at the surface of the liquid	It occurs in the body of the liquid
Evaporation is affected by surface area	Boiling is not affected by surface area

In this piece, I will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of friction. When a person walks along a road, he or she is prevented from slipping by the force of friction on the ground. Also, when a solid is in contact with another, the roughness of their surfaces prevents them from sliding freely over one another.

Friction is defined as a force that acts at the surface of separation between two objects in contact and tend to oppose the motion of one over the other. This does not appear unless there is a relative motion or a force tending to produce motion

The laws of friction are stated below

• The frictional force between two surfaces opposes their relative motion
• The frictional force is independent of the area of contact of the given surfaces when the normal reaction is constant
• The limiting frictional force is proportional to the normal reaction for the case of a static friction

Read: Expected questions in JAMB physics

Types of Friction

There are two types of friction; they are:

1. The static or limiting friction
2. The kinetic or dynamic friction

The limiting friction is that which exists between two surfaces when one is about to move relative to the other while

The kinetic friction is the friction that exists between two surfaces moving relative to each other with a constant speed.

Friction depends on:

1. The nature of the surfaces in contact e.g. as rough smooth, polished, wet, dry.
2. It varies directly with the normal force pressing the surface together. F = NR

Advantages

Some of the uses of friction are:

1. It enables the brakes to stop the car and the locomotive to pull the train.
2. Friction helps us to walk, friction between our feet and the ground assists us to walk without slipping.
3. Friction makes gripping object possible.
4. It helps in the rotation of the various parts of the machine.
5. The ladder stays on the wall without slipping or skidding because friction between the ladder.
6. It is used in grindstone to sharpen knives and chisels
7. It enables a screw or a nail in place after being screwed into a position
8. It is utilized in fan belts used over wheels or pulleys in machinery

Disadvantages

1. Friction causes wear and tear of machines and engine parts as they rub each other.
2. It reduces the efficiency of a machine. It wastes useful energy by converting it to heat.
3. It reduces motion.
4. It causes the heating of engines. This is because the energy which must be used to overcome friction is converted into heat.

Methods of Reducing Friction

• Three ways of reducing friction are:
• The use of lubricants like oil, grease, air, and graphite
• The use of ball or roller bearings
• The streamlining of body shapes of moving objects

Physics as a subject or course has the practical and theory aspects in secondary school, high school, and tertiary institutions. So, in this piece, I have decided to write about how to do Physics practicals and pass any examination.

Firstly, you must understand that physics practical is about carrying out an experiment in the laboratory and using the result to plot a graph, thereby making inferences or calculations based on your result. Also, you must follow instructions to get accurate readings or measurements.

It is important to let you know that most of the physics experiments in any exam fall under three (3) categories: Mechanics, Optics, and Electricity. So, any questions you will be asked will fall under any of the above-mentioned categories.

Read: WAEC Physics Practical Questions and Answers

And not to waste much time given the background knowledge, I will quickly move to the main discussion.

Steps to take during Physics Practical

• Ensure you are on your Lab coat when entering the physics Laboratory
• Ensure you have all the apparatus needed to perform the experiment
• Read through the instructions to know what you are required to do
• Set up your apparatus as instructed
• Avoid all known errors in your specific experiment to get accurate results.
• If you have enough time, you can perform each iteration twice to ensure you are doing the right thing.
• Take notes when performing the experiment.
• Ensure your readings are to the required decimal places

Read: Common Laboratory Apparatus and their Uses

Success Tips

You must be familiar with a good number of experiments in physics and have practiced them before the exam. So this will help you prepare for the kind of experiment you might be given in either WAEC or NECO. Following the steps above is the first thing to do to pass physics practical.

Most of the time, you will be asked to answer two questions and ensure the time allotted for the exam is enough to perform the experiments, take your readings, plot your graphs correctly and neatly, and do other calculations required of you well.

Furthermore, before you arrive in the exam hall, ensure you have a good night’s sleep to keep you in a good frame of mind. Don’t get anxious when doing physics practicals because this might affect your results.

Technologically the world is moving into 5G networks and because of this shift, different conspiracy about 5G (fifth generation) has begun to emerge which needs to be addressed.

This article isn’t a substitute for scientific research but a collection of opinions of authority in the field of health and radiation physics.

I will be making use of the submissions of three professors of radiation physics at the University of Ibadan (UI) to debunk the narratives in the trending audio on 5G and lay open the conspiracy about 5G.

Firstly, there is a need to sensitize my readers about the advantages of 5G networks. According to IOT solutions, the main advantages of the 5G are a greater speed in the transmissions, lower latency and therefore greater capacity of remote execution, a greater number of connected devices and the possibility of implementing virtual networks (network slicing), providing more adjusted connectivity to concrete needs.

Despite the technological change 5G is bringing into our world, people have been raising concerns about the health implication of 5G and even some have made a connection between it and COVID 19 (Corona Virus).

To allay the fear of people and to burst the myth, I have decided to bring out some of the speeches of my Professors in radiation physics concerning the said topic. I obtained my M.sc at the University of Ibadan and I was thought non-ionizing radiation by Professor Idowu Farai and also taught ionizing radiation by Professor Jibril. The words of these great academics mean a lot to me than any unfounded and unscientific statements.

During an inaugural lecture delivered by Prof Idowu Farai in 2011 at the University of Ibadan, he said

Concerns have been raised over possible detrimental health effects such as cancer, due to radiofrequency (RF) radiation from the GSM base stations. The anxieties have been heightened by some alarmist publications by some of our scientists in the dailies (e.g. The Nation, 25 January 2011). There are speculations that there are some non-thermal health stochastic effects at the low power densities of the GSM operations. The claims include sleep disturbances, dizziness, heart palpitations, headache, blurry sight, swelling, nausea, burning skin, vibrations, and electrical currents in the body, pressure on the breast, cramps, high blood pressure, and general debility. One fundamental problem is that people do not know that there are different radiation types and energies. All crawling animals are not snakes! The energy of a photon in GSM signals is either 4uev (900MHz) or8uev (1800MHz). These energies are a million orders of magnitude less than the minimum radiation energy of about 16eV that can ionize water molecules and lead to the health effects. It may interest us to know that after reflection and absorption by the atmosphere, the intensity of solar radiation bathing us on the earth’s surface is on average, 198W/m2. This is thousands of times more than the power density any base station or even a radio station can emit. Going by the hues and cries on GSM safety, we should all have been killed by sun rays.

He concluded by saying that, the current position of the WHO on these various claims is based on a recent review by 31 scientists from 14 countries in France (WHO/IARC2011). The review is to classify RF electromagnetic radiation as possibly carcinogenic underclass 2E, which means that there is limited evidence in humans, and less sufficient in experimental animals to show the link between RF exposure and cancer.

5G came out in 2019 but wasn’t popular in some countries of the world but in the year 2020 people started getting aware of the network. As 5G gets more popular, it started attracting various concerns and criticism from different quarters. And one of them was that there is a connection between 5G networks and COVID 19.

The trend of this topic “conspiracy of 5G” made three professors of radiation physics at UI to debunk the narratives in the trending audio on 5G.

Hear what they have to say:

The man who made this audio message can be likened to someone who is interpreting a strange language he has never studied. He does not know what he’s saying. In a simple language, the so-called 5G (fifth generation) is a transmission at a far higher frequency range than 4G. This feature implies the transmission of greater quantum of energy (signal) per time, hence heavy data (such as images) will download faster and will be transmitted at a higher resolution. Meanwhile, this may require more booster antennas at closer ranges to travel very far because high-frequency signals get attenuated faster than low-frequency signals. In short 5G will be able to accommodate larger data than 4G. Generally, people have always displayed some fear each time a new technology arose. The fear attributed to mobile technology is that the signals (waves) are injurious to humans. Meanwhile all mobile signals most fall within microwaves (the extreme end of radio waves) which are non-ionizing radiations. Ionizing radiations like x-rays and gamma rays have far higher frequencies and exposure to the human body may be injurious. However, are not used for mobile telecommunication. The man’s use of the word ‘radioactive’ reveals that he is completely ignorant of what he claims to be explaining. The word Radioactive is from Radioactivity which is a completely different phenomenon from a radio wave. Technology is more than speculation. It is a product of basic scientific theories.

Dr. Popoola (Physics department UI)

I don’t understand the over-stretching of a simple scientific matter. Simple basic physics which our Prof. Farai has laid to rest for us as a guru in the Radiation business. Use E = hf from modern Physics and the frequencies or the wavelengths of the regions for the G’s what amount of energy do you arrive at. Just like Prof. Farai said, mixing up non-ionizing radiation sources to be Radioactive is a simple QED ignoramus!!

Prof. Jibril (Physics Department UI)

I hope we will all understand the nonsense in this video from this simple explanation. Communication networks of whatever G, for now, and soon, are generally in frequencies of the order of GigaHertz (GHz or 10⁹ Hz). Thank God the video revealed this much. Meanwhile, the bulk of the energy from the sun (solar radiation) is in the UV frequency range (i.e.10¹⁵ Hz). Now I ask, how can mankind, who has been bathing under the shower of UV radiation from the sun over the ages, now be under any threat of radiation of energy over 1 million times less energy than UV radiation? That is one point. Most importantly for us on this platform, there is no application of a technology that is not under any regulatory control by international bodies made up of experts from all parts of the globe. Most of us have one thing or the other to do with such bodies as WHO, ICNIRC, UNSCEAR, etc. If they are unaware of the fears expressed in this video or have been compromised, then we are all guilty. We should stop attending their programmes.

Prof. Farai (Physics department UI)

Other Physicists’ view on the subject

In conclusion, any statement that has no scientific backing shouldn’t be welcomed by the public. I don’t know the intent behind the conspiracy about 5G but any scientifically baseless argument shouldn’t be embraced.

You might being wondering what are the laboratory apparatus needed in schools, medical laboratories, and during physics, chemistry, and biology practical classes.

For this reason, I have decided to pen down the common laboratory apparatus you must find during physics, chemistry, and biology practical classes in schools with their uses.

• Vernier Caliper

It is use measure outer dimensions of objects, inside dimensions, and depths to the nearest 0.02mm

• Pipette

It is a glass tube of fixed volume calibrated to deliver an accurate volume of a solution or a liquid. It is used in the laboratory during volumetric test.

• Burette

It is volumetric measuring glassware which is used in chemical analysis for the accurate dispensing of a liquid, especially during titration.

• Micrometer screw gauge

It is an instrument used for measuring the diameter of a thin wire or the thickness of a sheet of metal.

• Volumetric flasks

 It is a popular type of laboratory apparatus used in chemistry which is used to measure a particular amount of liquid

• Test tube

A test tube is a transparent designed to hold liquid and chemicals during chemical analysis

• Barometer

It is used to measure the atmospheric pressure of a certain environment

• Hydrometer

It is an instrument used to measure the specific gravity or relative density of liquids.

• Resistance Box

It is a box which contains the resistors of different values for estimating and comparing the resistance.

• Rheostat

It is used to control the electrical resistance of a circuit without interrupting the flow of current

• Potentiometer

It is used for measuring electric potential (voltage)

• Microscope

It is used to magnify anything that is tiny for our eyes to 1000 of times its normal size and it is normally use by biologists, medical workers, and students.

• Triple beam balance

It is a laboratory equipment used to measure mass

• Petri dishes

It is a laboratory apparatus used to culture cell such as bacteria

• Bunsen burner

It is used for heating in the laboratory and can also work as a sterilizer.

• Beakers

This laboratory apparatus are wider and bigger than regular test tubes and they have a flat bottom. It can be used to measure liquid to perform an experiment in the lab.

• Magnifying glass

This apparatus is used to magnifying objects. And it can often replace microscopes.

• Thermometer

This common laboratory equipment used to measure temperature.

• Stirring rod

When carrying out an experiment especially in chemistry lab, liquids are often mixed, but you cannot stir them with your finger. A stirrer can help with mixing several liquids.

• Jockey

It is used to give precise and small values of resistance when total resistance of long wire is not much during electricity experiment.

• Slotted weights

It is used in student lab classes, to teach physics and other sciences. This allows a student to quickly create any desired amount of mass, to use in experiments involving force and mass.

• Retort stand

It is used for holding apparatus in the lab like test tube

• Stop watch

It is used to measure the amount of time.

• Digital multimeter

It is used to measure voltage, current, and resistance.

• Metre rule

It is used for measuring length

• Lenses

It is used to improve the quality of image they provide. This apparatus is often used during optics experiment in physics classes.

• Signal generator

It is used is to test the response of circuits to a known input signal and allows you to generate sine, square or triangular AC function signals.

• Ammeter

It is use for measuring electric current

WAEC physics practical is a major deciding factor on whether you will have at least C6 in the exam. The reason is that it takes 40% of the total mark obtainable in WASSCE physics examination or NECO or GCE. Approaching it with seriousness and adequate preparation will help you ace it.

So many students are eagerly asking about WAEC physics practical questions and answers. The truth is that nobody can give you the real questions. However, a sincere person can only guide you on what you need to know and how to answer the questions.

Kindly note that WAEC will send the 2024 Physics specimen to your teachers; and it is their responsibility to take you through likely questions that will come out in WAEC physics practical. Many teachers do ensure look through past questions of many years to have an idea how it will look like.

Furthermore, physics teachers of various secondary schools already have the WAEC practical specimen or set up with them i.e. the list of apparatus that will be needed would have been sent to your school. It is from this that teachers will be able to infer the likely practical questions that might come out in the exam.

According to WAEC Timetable, Physics practical has two alternatives (Alternative A and B) and the questions are divided into three categories which are mechanics, light, and electricity. Alternative A will come up on Tuesday 28th May 2024 why alternative B will come up on Monday 3rd June 2024.

That said, you also need to know how make a good table of values and how to plot graph in physics for you have a good mark in the practical. The link to how to plot graph shows the WAEC standardized way of plotting graph during practical.

It is not about the questions and answers but there are key things to note that I will provide you with in this article. Paper 3 is a practical test for school candidates or an alternative to practical work paper for private candidates (GCE). Each version of the paper will comprise three questions out of which candidates will be required to answer any two in 2¾ hours for 50 marks.

Key things to know

• You must have a composite table showing all the parameters in the question with clear headings (make sure you state the unit in the table and graph)
• Your values must be at least 2 decimal places (d.p). Beware of inconsistent d.p.
• Systematic error, gross error, and disregard of instruction are always penalized
• The axes of your graph must be correctly distinguished
• Use reasonable scale
• You must plot all your points correctly

Read: How to do and pass physics practical

Likely precautions

Mechanics

• Avoided parallax error in reading stopwatch/clock/metre rule
• Noted/corrected/avoided zero error on stopwatch/clock/metre rule
• Avoided draught
• Avoided conical oscillation
• Ensured that support was rigid
• Ensured bob of pendulum was free from table

Light

• Avoided parallax error in reading metre rule/protractor
• Optical pins inserted vertically
• Reasonable spacing of pins
• Well sharpened pencil used
• Repeated readings shown on table
• Surface of prism cleaned
• Surface of lens cleaned
• Lens kept upright

Electricity

• Key opened in between readings
• Tight connections used
• Avoided parallax error when taking readings on voltmeter or ammeter
• Clean terminal ensured
• Avoided zero error on voltmeter or ammeter
• Repeated readings shown on table

Sample Questions And Answers

Note: At the end of each question, some questions are asked which will test your theoretical knowledge of physics. In this case, you have to read you textbook well to be able to answer them.

For example

(1) Define dispersion of light? It is the separation of white light into its constituent colours

(2) State the law of conservation of energy? Energy is neither created nor destroyed but can be changed from one form to another

(3) Why is it important to earth electrical appliances? To prevent electric shock

(4) Name two pairs of features in the human eyes and a lens camera that performs similar functions? Retina – film/screen, eye lens – camera lens, iris – diaphragm, pupil – aperture

(5) Define the coefficient of static friction

(6) Define E.M.F of a battery

(7) Define Centripetal force

(8) Define Potential difference between two points in an electric circuit? – it is the work done in joules in moving a charge of one coulomb from one point to the other

(9) Explain why the emf of a cell is greater than p.d. across the cell when it is supplying current through an external resistance – emf is work done across external resistance R and internal resistance of the cell (r) while pd is the work done across external resistance (R) only, hence, emf of a cell is greater than the pd across the cell.

Relative velocity is the velocity of an object measured relative to another. It can also be seen as the vector differences between the velocities of the objects.

In fact, motion is relative. The position and velocity of an object is always described with reference to a particular coordinate system. When we speak of the velocity of a moving car, we usually mean its velocity with respect to an observer who is stationary on the earth.

If two objects are travelling directly towards each other with speed v, as measured by someone stationary on the ground, then each object sees the other one approaching with a speed of 2v.

Thus, if objects are traveling in opposite directions we add their speeds to find the R.V i.e. R.V =V_A – (-V_B)

If the objects are moving in the same direction then we subtract their speeds to find the relative speed i.e.  R.V = V_A + (-V_B)

Read: Short note on kinematics (one dimensional motion and projectile)

Examples And Solutions

Example 1

If a car A is traveling at 50km/hr is moving in the same direction as another car B traveling at 60km/hr. Find the relative velocity of B to A.

R.V of B to A = 60 – 50 = 10km/hr

If, however, the cars are travelling in opposite directions, the R.V B to A = 60 – (-50) = 110km/hr

Ex 2

You drive north on a straight two-lane road at a constant 80km/hr. A truck in the other lane approaches you at a constant 100km/hr. Find (a) the truck’s velocity relative to you and (b) your velocity relative to the truck.

• R.V = -100 + (-80) = -180 km/hr . The velocity
  of the truck is negative because it is travelling in the opposite direction to
  you in the other lane i.e. the truck is moving towards the south.
• R.V = 80 – (-100) = 180km/hr

To do well in JAMB UTME, especially in Physics, you have to prepare textbooks that are easy to read and comprehend and with questions and answers. Also, to aid your understanding when reading the physics textbooks, you can go through the JAMB syllabus for physics.

As a physics teacher, I think some textbooks will help students write JAMB and Post-UTME, and I will use this page to list the books. I have made use of some of them and find them helpful. Also, students still in Senior Secondary Schools can use any of the textbooks I listed below. All of them can be used for self-study. I will recommend that you use more than one text as it can deepen your understanding of the subject.

If you want to pass and score high in JAMB physics, I recommend having more than two textbooks. The reason is that these texts treat each topic in physics differently, implying that you get a better understanding when you read a topic in more than one book.

Furthermore, you might be interested in the physics scheme of work I have compiled to guide you while reading any of the textbooks.

1. University Physics with Modern Physics 13th Edition by Young and Freedman
2. College Physics 9th Edition by Hugh D. Young
3. Ike E.E (2014) Essential Principles of Physics, Jos ENIC publishers
4. Ike E.E (2014) Numerical Problems and Solutions in Physics, Jos ENIC publishers
5. Nelson M. (1977) Fundamentals of Physics, Great Britain, Hart Davis Education
6. Nelson M. and Parker. (1989) Advance Level Physics, (Sixth Edition) Heinemann
7. Okeke P.N and Anyakoha M.W. (2000) Senior Secondary School Physics, Lagos, Pacific Printers
8. Olumuyionwa A. and Ogunkoya O. O (1992) Comprehensive Certificate Physics, Ibadan: University Press Plc.
9. Lamlad Physics
10. New School Physics

Download this physics textbook for free. I prepared it: Preparatory Guide Physics.

JAMB recommends some of these physics textbooks, and I include 3 out of them. Also, the books above are available in bookshops in any part of the country at an affordable price.

Kindly note that preparation, planning, and effective practice are the secrets to any exam success.

Recommended: JAMB recommended textbooks for candidates